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NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a key cofactor involved in oxidation-reduction reactions, energy metabolism, and cellular processes associated with aging, DNA repair, and mitochondrial function.
Form
White lyophilized powder
Active ingredient content
426.02 mg (assay)
Packaging
Glass bottle with cap
Storage
2–8 °C, dry and dark
Molecular formula
C21H27N7O14P2
Molecular weight
663.43 g mol⁻¹
IUPAC name
β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form)
Other names
NAD+, β-NAD, oxidized NAD
In laboratory studies, NAD+ has been linked to research in areas such as:
- mitochondrial function and energy production (ATP),
- aging processes and cell renewal,
- DNA repair and sirtuin activation,
- neuroprotection and cognitive functions,
- metabolic balance and regeneration after physical exertion.
This content is for educational purposes only. It is not a recommendation for human use. The substance is intended for laboratory research only.
What is NAD+?
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is an essential molecule present in all living cells. It acts as a coenzyme in hundreds of metabolic reactions and is crucial in the transfer of electrons within cellular respiration (electron transport chain). NAD+ is an oxidized form that can be reduced to NADH, thereby regulating the energy balance in the cell.
How NAD+ works
The main function of NAD+ is to facilitate oxidation-reduction reactions – it serves as an electron carrier between enzymes, especially in mitochondria. In addition, it activates enzymes such as PARP and sirtuins (e.g. SIRT1), which are involved in DNA repair, epigenetic regulation and metabolic regulation. Its decline is observed in aging and many metabolic disorders.
Effects studied
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Increase energy levels: Support for ATP synthesis through mitochondria in demanding conditions.
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Cellular renewal: Supporting DNA repair and the removal of damaged cells.
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Neuroprotection: Research shows potential in protecting against neurodegeneration and stress.
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Metabolic health: Affects insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and fat metabolism.
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Longevity research: Activation of sirtuins is being studied in relation to lifespan extension in model organisms.
Dosage in studies
The values listed are derived solely from research studies and are not intended for real-world use outside of a laboratory environment.
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Dose: 100–1000 mg daily (depending on the form and aim of the study)
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Form: injectable (iv, im) or oral
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Frequency: 1–2 times a day
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Duration: 7 to 30 days according to study
Possible side effects
- Temporary redness or burning at the injection site
- Nausea or discomfort at higher doses
- Rarely, fatigue or headaches during the first few applications
Resources
- Verdin, E. (2015). NAD+ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration
- Yoshino et al. (2011). NAD+ intermediates in metabolic disorders
- Belenky, P. et al. (2007). NAD+ metabolism in health and disease
- ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03565328, NCT04284678
This article is for informational purposes only. It does not constitute a recommendation or solicitation for use. The information provided is a summary of existing scientific literature and is for educational purposes only.
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