SS-31 is a synthetic mitochondrial peptide that is being studied for its ability to stabilize the inner mitochondrial membrane and reduce oxidative stress. In laboratory conditions, it is supplied as a white lyophilized powder in a glass vial, intended for further research processing.
This professional text is for educational and research purposes only. It does not constitute a recommendation for human use.
What is SS-31?
SS-31, also known as elamipretide, is a synthetic peptide designed to target mitochondria, where it binds to cardiolipin, a phospholipid specific to the inner mitochondrial membrane. This binding allows SS-31 to stabilize mitochondrial structure, enhance ATP production, and reduce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby helping to protect cells from damage.
How does SS-31 work?
The mechanism of action of SS-31 involves selective binding to cardiolipin in mitochondria, thereby helping to maintain their integrity during oxidative stress. It promotes more efficient energy production and protects cells from apoptosis. Research has shown efficacy in models of neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, as well as in tissue aging.
Effects studied
- Improving heart muscle function in ischemia and heart failure.
- Protection of nerve cells in models of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease.
- Supporting retinal regeneration in degenerative eye diseases.
- Reducing ROS production and oxidative damage.
- Potentially slowing cellular aging and improving tissue vitality.
Dosage in studies
The data below are from experimental models. They are not recommended dosages.
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Dose: 1–5 mg/kg/day
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Administration form: subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection
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Frequency: 1× daily
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Duration: 7–28 days (animal studies)
The product is not intended for intravenous administration (into a vein).
Possible side effects
- Transient redness at the application site.
- Nausea or drowsiness at high doses.
- Rarely, irritation of the immune system.
- Non-specific changes in blood count at high doses.
Resources
- Zhao et al., 2005 – Antioxidant Redox Signal
- Birk et al., 2014 – Circ Res: mitochondrial targeting
- Mitchell et al., 2016 – SS-31 in retinal degeneration
- Szeto HH et al., 2018 – Cardioprotection and mitochondrial function
All information provided is for informational purposes only and is based on available scientific studies. The product is not approved for human use.
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